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The calculations were made from the analysis of more than a thousand supernova star explosions .
An international team of scientists has been able to calculate with the greatest precision so far achieved
the total amount of matter and energy in the universe, and has done so after studying the explosion of thousands of supernovae, reports Harvard University .
During their research, dubbed Pantheon+, astronomers analyzed the luminosity of the 1 explosion.120 Ia supernovae, which occur when white dwarf stars undergo a thermonuclear reaction by collapsing under their own mass.
As a result, they managed to determine that the cosmos is made up of a 37,8 %
of dark matter, a 5% of visible matter (which includes stars, galaxies, atoms and life) and a 66,2 % dark energy .
To get to com To further understand the constituent components of the universe at different times, the scholars used complementary observations of the large-scale structure of the cosmos and measurements of its earliest light.
A look at the ancient cosmos
Since the luminosity produced by the explosion of these supernovae comes to outshine entire galaxies, its detonation can be glimpsed at more than 00.000 million light years, that is, over about three quarters of the total age of the universe, which allowed scientists to study its evolution from its earliest stages.
As detailed in a study published Wednesday by The Astrophysical Journal, when they explode, white dwarfs burn with a brightness that decreases uniformly as it travels through the cosmos, relative to distance of the observer.
By analyzing together the variations in the intensity of the brightness of the explosions and the change in the light spectrum of the waves that are produced, the scientists were able to calculate the speed of expansion of the universe during different periods of time.
“With these Pantheon+ results, we are able to put the most precise constraints on the dynamics and history of the universe to dateWe have combed through the data and can now say with more confidence than ever how the universe has evolved over the eons and that the best current theories about dark energy and dark matter hold up,” said Dillon Brout, co-author of the publication.
Furthermore, Brout added that his research describes what is known as the late universe, which means that it is still necessary to examine the oldest physics of the universe to get a complete idea of the panorama, something that with current technology, such as that of the Webb Space Telescope, could be achieved, however, for this it will be necessary to wait for a star to die, he stressed.
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